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How to Do a T-Test in Google Sheets [Simple Guide]

Performing a T-Test in Google Sheets can save you a ton of time when you compare it to manually performing one. The only problem is the initial learning curve when learning how to do a T-Test in Google Sheets. Luckily, this guide will make it easy for you. Read on to learn everything there is to know about how to perform a T Test in Google Sheets.

What Is a Google Sheets T-Test?

The T-Test formula is a built-in function of Google Sheets that allows you to compare one set of values with the other to determine whether they are statistically different. There are three types of T-Tests in Google Sheets. These are one sample, two sample, and paired sample T-Tests.

A T-Test can be performed when comparing the averages of two data sets, also known as a pairwise comparison. If you’re looking to compare more than two data sets, you will have to perform other tests like the post-hoc or the ANOVA test.

The Syntax for T-Test on Google Sheets

When learning how to calculate t test in Google Sheets, you should first be aware of the syntax. Here is the syntax for the T-Test formula in Google Sheets:

=T-Test(range1, range2, tails, type)

The formula requires four parameters. These are:

  • range1: this is the first data sample or a cell group which will be considered for the test.
  • range2: this is the second data sample of a cell group that will be considered for the test.
  • tails: this parameter defines the amount of distribution tails. This parameter can either be “1” or “2”.
    • 1: this will use a one-tail distribution.
    • 2: this will use a two-tail distribution.
  • type: this parameter defines the T-Test type to be used. This parameter can be “1”,”2”, or “3”.
    • 1: this parameter will perform the paired test.
    • 2: this parameter will perform a homoscedastic test. This is also known as an equal two-sample variance.
    • 3: this parameter will perform a heteroscedastic test. This is also known as an unequal two-sample variance test

Here are a few things to know about the T-Test formula in Sheets:

  • The type and tails parameters should be numeric.
  • The range1 and the range2 parameters should have the same amount of data points.
  • You can access the formula using T-Test or TTEST.
  • The T-Test formula will use data in the range1 and the range2 parameters to perform a non-negative test.

How to Do a T-Test in Google Sheets

Here are the steps you need to follow on how to perform T-Test in Google Sheets:

How to Do a T-Test in Google Sheets

Step 1: Click on the cell where you wish to put the formula and type in the starting part of the formula. You can type =TTEST( or =T-Test(

Step 2: Type in the first and the second parameters divided by a comma symbol. Both parameters are cell ranges in this case, and we write them as A2:A15 and B2:B15, respectively.

Step 3: We will enter the tails argument value for the third parameter. For this particular example, we will enter it as 2 as we don’t know whether the data values in both sets will differ or not, and we want our test to measure all of the possible outcomes.

Step 4: We will enter the fourth parameter after adding a comma. For this example, we will enter 2 as we perform an equal two-sample variance T-Test. Typing 1 here would result in a paired T-Test, and typing 3 will result in an unequal two-sample variance T-Test.

Step 5: Add a closing bracket to finish the formula and press Enter to execute it.

The formula will then calculate the value in that cell. The figure should update automatically if a change is made to the range values.

Google Sheets T-Test Similar Formulae

Similar to how T-Test can be used to calculate how significant the difference between two sample means is, we can use other formulas to calculate other values. Z.TEST can be used to return the one-tailed P-value in a Z-test using standard distribution. Similarly, an F.TEST can be used to return the probability associated with the equality of variance. This can determine whether the two samples will likely come from populations of the same variance.

Frequently Asked Questions

How Do You Graph T-Test Results in Google Sheets?

You can plot a simple graph for the two sets of values. This can be done by selecting the two data columns and clicking on Insert in the top bar. There, click on Chart. This will add a chart to the spreadsheet. Generally, a scatter chart is used in a T-Test.

What Is the T-Test Used For?

A T-Test is a Google Sheets function that can be used to compare the two average values of two separate sets of data. This can be done to check whether the two data sets are statistically different.

How Do You Do a One Sample T-Test in Google Sheets?

Although T-Tests are normally used to compare data between two sets, you can still use the T-Test function in the normal way with a single set of data to compare the mean with an estimated mean value. For example, you may want to check if the mean of a single set of data matches the mode etc.

Wrapping Up How to Use T Test in Google Sheets

T Tests are good for drawing quick comparisons but can be a little intimidating at first. Make sure you get consistent results by practicing building a formula several times. That way the new skills should stick in your mind, and you won’t forget how to do a T-Test in Google Sheets.

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